Integrand size = 40, antiderivative size = 288 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {(a e+2 (2 b c+a d) x) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{4 c x \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {a \left (c+e x+d x^2\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {b e \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {e+2 d x}{2 \sqrt {d} \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {d} \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {\left (8 b c^2+4 a c d-a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 c+e x}{2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}\right )}{8 c^{3/2} \left (a+b x^2\right )} \]
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Time = 0.49 (sec) , antiderivative size = 288, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 7, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.175, Rules used = {6876, 1664, 826, 857, 635, 212, 738} \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \left (4 a c d-a e^2+8 b c^2\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 c+e x}{2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {c+d x^2+e x}}\right )}{8 c^{3/2} \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {b e \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 d x+e}{2 \sqrt {d} \sqrt {c+d x^2+e x}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {d} \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {a \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \left (c+d x^2+e x\right )^{3/2}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \sqrt {c+d x^2+e x} (2 x (a d+2 b c)+a e)}{4 c x \left (a+b x^2\right )} \]
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Rule 212
Rule 635
Rule 738
Rule 826
Rule 857
Rule 1664
Rule 6876
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \int \frac {\left (2 a b+2 b^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}{x^3} \, dx}{2 a b+2 b^2 x^2} \\ & = -\frac {a \left (c+e x+d x^2\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \int \frac {(a b e-2 b (2 b c+a d) x) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}{x^2} \, dx}{2 c \left (2 a b+2 b^2 x^2\right )} \\ & = \frac {(a e+2 (2 b c+a d) x) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{4 c x \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {a \left (c+e x+d x^2\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \int \frac {b \left (8 b c^2+4 a c d-a e^2\right )+4 b^2 c e x}{x \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}} \, dx}{4 c \left (2 a b+2 b^2 x^2\right )} \\ & = \frac {(a e+2 (2 b c+a d) x) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{4 c x \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {a \left (c+e x+d x^2\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {\left (b^2 e \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}} \, dx}{2 a b+2 b^2 x^2}+\frac {\left (b \left (8 b c^2+4 a c d-a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}} \, dx}{4 c \left (2 a b+2 b^2 x^2\right )} \\ & = \frac {(a e+2 (2 b c+a d) x) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{4 c x \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {a \left (c+e x+d x^2\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {\left (2 b^2 e \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4 d-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {e+2 d x}{\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}\right )}{2 a b+2 b^2 x^2}-\frac {\left (b \left (8 b c^2+4 a c d-a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4 c-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {2 c+e x}{\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}\right )}{2 c \left (2 a b+2 b^2 x^2\right )} \\ & = \frac {(a e+2 (2 b c+a d) x) \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{4 c x \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {a \left (c+e x+d x^2\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{2 c x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {b e \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {e+2 d x}{2 \sqrt {d} \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {d} \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {\left (8 b c^2+4 a c d-a e^2\right ) \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 c+e x}{2 \sqrt {c} \sqrt {c+e x+d x^2}}\right )}{8 c^{3/2} \left (a+b x^2\right )} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.64 (sec) , antiderivative size = 173, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.60 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {\left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \left (\sqrt {d} \left (8 b c^2+4 a c d-a e^2\right ) x^2 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {-\sqrt {d} x+\sqrt {c+x (e+d x)}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )+\sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {d} \left (2 a c+a e x-4 b c x^2\right ) \sqrt {c+x (e+d x)}+2 b c e x^2 \log \left (e+2 d x-2 \sqrt {d} \sqrt {c+x (e+d x)}\right )\right )\right )}{4 c^{3/2} \sqrt {d} x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )} \]
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Time = 0.61 (sec) , antiderivative size = 214, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.74
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {a \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\, \left (e x +2 c \right ) \sqrt {\left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )^{2}}}{4 x^{2} c \left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )}+\frac {\left (\frac {8 e b c \ln \left (\frac {\frac {e}{2}+d x}{\sqrt {d}}+\sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\right )}{\sqrt {d}}+8 b c d \left (\frac {\sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}}{d}-\frac {e \ln \left (\frac {\frac {e}{2}+d x}{\sqrt {d}}+\sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\right )}{2 d^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )-\frac {\left (4 a c d -a \,e^{2}+8 b \,c^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\frac {2 c +e x +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}}{x}\right )}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \sqrt {\left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )^{2}}}{8 c \left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )}\) | \(214\) |
default | \(\frac {\sqrt {\left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )^{2}}\, \left (-4 d^{\frac {5}{2}} c^{\frac {3}{2}} \ln \left (\frac {2 c +e x +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}}{x}\right ) a \,x^{2}-8 d^{\frac {3}{2}} c^{\frac {5}{2}} \ln \left (\frac {2 c +e x +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}}{x}\right ) b \,x^{2}-2 d^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\, a e \,x^{3}+4 d^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\, a c \,x^{2}+d^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +e x +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}}{x}\right ) a \,e^{2} x^{2}+2 d^{\frac {3}{2}} \left (d \,x^{2}+e x +c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}} a e x -2 d^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\, a \,e^{2} x^{2}+8 d^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\, b \,c^{2} x^{2}+4 \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {d \,x^{2}+e x +c}\, \sqrt {d}+2 d x +e}{2 \sqrt {d}}\right ) d b \,c^{2} e \,x^{2}-4 d^{\frac {3}{2}} \left (d \,x^{2}+e x +c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}} a c \right )}{8 d^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{2} c^{2} \left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )}\) | \(329\) |
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Time = 0.59 (sec) , antiderivative size = 749, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.60 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=\left [\frac {4 \, b c^{2} \sqrt {d} e x^{2} \log \left (8 \, d^{2} x^{2} + 8 \, d e x + 4 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (2 \, d x + e\right )} \sqrt {d} + 4 \, c d + e^{2}\right ) - {\left (8 \, b c^{2} d + 4 \, a c d^{2} - a d e^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c} x^{2} \log \left (\frac {8 \, c e x + {\left (4 \, c d + e^{2}\right )} x^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (e x + 2 \, c\right )} \sqrt {c} + 8 \, c^{2}}{x^{2}}\right ) + 4 \, {\left (4 \, b c^{2} d x^{2} - a c d e x - 2 \, a c^{2} d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}}{16 \, c^{2} d x^{2}}, -\frac {8 \, b c^{2} \sqrt {-d} e x^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (2 \, d x + e\right )} \sqrt {-d}}{2 \, {\left (d^{2} x^{2} + d e x + c d\right )}}\right ) + {\left (8 \, b c^{2} d + 4 \, a c d^{2} - a d e^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c} x^{2} \log \left (\frac {8 \, c e x + {\left (4 \, c d + e^{2}\right )} x^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (e x + 2 \, c\right )} \sqrt {c} + 8 \, c^{2}}{x^{2}}\right ) - 4 \, {\left (4 \, b c^{2} d x^{2} - a c d e x - 2 \, a c^{2} d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}}{16 \, c^{2} d x^{2}}, \frac {2 \, b c^{2} \sqrt {d} e x^{2} \log \left (8 \, d^{2} x^{2} + 8 \, d e x + 4 \, \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (2 \, d x + e\right )} \sqrt {d} + 4 \, c d + e^{2}\right ) + {\left (8 \, b c^{2} d + 4 \, a c d^{2} - a d e^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-c} x^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (e x + 2 \, c\right )} \sqrt {-c}}{2 \, {\left (c d x^{2} + c e x + c^{2}\right )}}\right ) + 2 \, {\left (4 \, b c^{2} d x^{2} - a c d e x - 2 \, a c^{2} d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}}{8 \, c^{2} d x^{2}}, -\frac {4 \, b c^{2} \sqrt {-d} e x^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (2 \, d x + e\right )} \sqrt {-d}}{2 \, {\left (d^{2} x^{2} + d e x + c d\right )}}\right ) - {\left (8 \, b c^{2} d + 4 \, a c d^{2} - a d e^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-c} x^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} {\left (e x + 2 \, c\right )} \sqrt {-c}}{2 \, {\left (c d x^{2} + c e x + c^{2}\right )}}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (4 \, b c^{2} d x^{2} - a c d e x - 2 \, a c^{2} d\right )} \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}}{8 \, c^{2} d x^{2}}\right ] \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
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Time = 0.34 (sec) , antiderivative size = 360, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.25 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=-\frac {b e \log \left ({\left | -2 \, {\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )} \sqrt {d} - e \right |}\right ) \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right )}{2 \, \sqrt {d}} + \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c} b \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) + \frac {{\left (8 \, b c^{2} \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) + 4 \, a c d \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) - a e^{2} \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right )\right )} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right )}{4 \, \sqrt {-c} c} + \frac {4 \, {\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )}^{3} a c d \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) + {\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )}^{3} a e^{2} \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) + 8 \, {\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )}^{2} a c \sqrt {d} e \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) + 4 \, {\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )} a c^{2} d \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right ) + {\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )} a c e^{2} \mathrm {sgn}\left (b x^{2} + a\right )}{4 \, {\left ({\left (\sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {d x^{2} + e x + c}\right )}^{2} - c\right )}^{2} c} \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {c+e x+d x^2} \sqrt {a^2+2 a b x^2+b^2 x^4}}{x^3} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {{\left (b\,x^2+a\right )}^2}\,\sqrt {d\,x^2+e\,x+c}}{x^3} \,d x \]
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